预览加载中,请您耐心等待几秒...
1/8
2/8
3/8
4/8
5/8
6/8
7/8
8/8

在线预览结束,喜欢就下载吧,查找使用更方便

如果您无法下载资料,请参考说明:

1、部分资料下载需要金币,请确保您的账户上有足够的金币

2、已购买过的文档,再次下载不重复扣费

3、资料包下载后请先用软件解压,在使用对应软件打开

第35卷第1期环境科学Vol.35,No.1 , 2014年1月ENVIRONMENTALSCIENCEJan.2014 雾霾重污染期间北京居民对高浓度持续暴露的 PM2.5 健康风险及其损害价值评估 谢元博,陈娟,李巍* (北京师范大学环境学院,水环境模拟国家重点实验室,北京100875) 摘要:开展短期内高浓度空气污染造成的人体健康风险评价以及健康经济损失研究,对推进城市大气污染防控,保证人民群 众的健康水平具有重要的科学价值和实际意义.研究选择2013年1月发生的北京市雾霾重污染事件,采用泊松回归模型评 价全市居民对日高浓度暴露的急性健康损害风险,并采用环境价值评估方法估算人群健康损害的经济损失结 10~15PM2.5. 果表明,短期高浓度污染对人群健康风险较高,约造成早逝例,呼吸系统疾病住院例,心血管疾病住院例, PM2.52011056545 儿科门诊7094例,内科门诊16881例,急性支气管炎10132例,哮喘7643例.相关健康经济损失高达4.89亿元(95%CI:2.04~ 7.49),其中早逝与急性支气管炎、哮喘三者占总损失的90%以上.建议应针对不同人群不同健康终点的健康风险进行健康 预警并开展及早医学干预,以降低类似空气重污染事件给居民健康带来的风险和损失. 关键词:北京居民;高浓度暴露;;健康风险;损害价值评估 PM2.5 中图分类号:X820.4文献标识码:A文章编号:0250-3301(2014)01-0001-08 AnAssessmentofPM2.5RelatedHealthRisKsandImpairedValuesofBeijing ResidentsinaConsecutiveHigh-LevelExposureDuringHeavyHazeDays XIEYuan-bo,CHENJuan,LIWei (StateKeyLaboratoryofWaterEnvironmentSimulation,SchoolofEnvironment,BeijingNormalUniversity,Beijing100875,China) Abstract:Ithasimportantscientificvalueandpracticalsignificanceforurbanatmosphericairpollutioncontrolandpeoplehealth protectiontocarryouthealthriskassessmentaswellasimpairedvalueassessmentofshort-termhighconcentrationsofairpollution. UsingthePoissonregressionmodelandenvironmentalvaluationmethod,thisstudyestimatedthehealthrisksandimpairedvaluesof thth, Beijingresidentsinaconsecutivehigh-levelPM2.5exposureduringtheheavyhazepollutionoccurredfromJanuary10to152013. ,, TheresultsshowthatsubstantialhealthrisksduetoPM2.5airpollutionwereoccurredinsixpollutiondaysincluding201casesof prematuredeaths,1056and545casesofhospitaladmissionsforrespiratoryandcardiovasculardiseases,7094and16881casesof pediatricandinternaloutpatientseach,10132casesofacutebronchitisand7643casesofasthmarespectively.Correspondingly, approximate489(95%CI:204-749)millionRMBhealth-relatedeconomiclosswasevaluated,ofwhichmorethan90%was attributabletoprematuredeaths,acutebronchitisandasthma.Itisrecommendedthathealthrisksandeconomiclossescanbereduced throughearlyhealthwarningandtimelymedicalinterventionforvariousgroupsofpeoplewit