spend-cost-take-pay-用法区别和练习.pdf

一．spend的主语必须是人，常用于以下结构：(1)spendtime／moneyonsth.在……上花费时间（金钱）。例：Ispenttwohoursonthismathsproblem.这道数学题花了我两个小时。(2)spendtime／money(in)doingsth.花费时间（金钱）做某事。二．cost的主语是物或某活动，不用于被动。可以表示“值”，常见用法：(1)sth.costs(sb.)＋金钱,某物花了（某人）多少钱。例：Anewcomputercostsalotofmoney.买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。Practice:用spend和cost的适当形式填空：1.Thehouse_____him$100,000.2.It____Jim$5tobuythepencil.3.Howmuchdoestheteapot_____？It____toomuch.Wecan’taffordit.4.writingthecomposition______himmuchtimeandpatience.5.He______muchtimereading.Andhe____plentyofmoneyonbooks.6.Howlongdoesthegirl_______makingtea?7.Heisalways__________.Howmuchhashe______bynow,doyouknow?8.Wherewillyou_______yourholiday?Andhowdoyou___yoursparetime?9.He_______toomuchmoneyonclothesandappearancelastyear.三．take后面可跟双宾语，常见用法有以下几种：(1)Ittakessb.＋时间＋todosth.做某事花了某人多少时间。例：Ittookthemthreeyearstobuildthisroad.Buildingthisroad______them3years.(2)doingsth./sth.takessb.＋时间,做某事花了某人多少时间。例：Repairingthiscartookhimthewholeafternoon.他花了一下午修车。Thetriptook2hours.用take和spend的适当形式填空：1.Howmuchtimedoesit_______themtocompletethetask?5days.2.We_____muchmoneymakingourdreamcometrue.3.Cooking_____meabitoftimeformysisterhelpswithhousework.4.Howmuchtimedoyou________onfilms?5.It_____twotomakeaquarrel.6._____yourtimeanddothejobwell.7.Howlongwillthistask_______you?四．pay的基本用法是：(1)pay(sb.)moneyforsth.付钱（给某人）买……。例：Ihavetopaythem20poundsforthisroomeachmonth.(2)payforsth.付……的钱。例：Ihavetopayforthelostbook.我不得不赔丢失的书款。(3)payforsb.替某人付钱Don’tworry!I'llpayforyou.别担心，我会给你付钱的。(4)paysb.付钱给某人。例:Theypayuseverymonth.他们每月给我们报酬。（5）paymoneyback还钱。例：MayIborrow12yuanfromyou?I'llpayitbacknextweek.你能借给我12块钱吗？下周还你。（6）payoffone'smoney还清钱。用pay(for)和spend,take填空：1.Howmuchtimedoyou______ontheproject?2.Howmuchmoneydidyou_______theshelf?3.Howmuchwillyou_______onthebook?$20.4.Howmuchtimewillrepairingthebike_______?2hours.5.Hewill______plentyofmoneyonthisproject.6.Hewill_______$1,000fortheproject.总结：take一般用it做主语，例：ittakesbsometimetodosth.spend一般是人做主语，例：Ispendanhourtofinishmyhomework.cost表示某物值什么的（价值或钱）例：Theshelfcost200yuan.pay