11名词性从句.ppt

11名词性从句考点1、引导词that与what；that与whether；if与whether；what与how等的区别；2、名词性从句的时态和语序问题；3、名词性从句的语气问题；4、同位语从句与定语从句的比较区别。定义在句子中起名词性作用的句子叫名词性从句。功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分为四类。引导名词性从句的连接词引导主语从句不可省略的连词：1.介词后的连词2.引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。主语从句在另外一个句子中做主语的句子叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether和连接代词what,who,which,whatever,whoever以及连接副词how,when,where,why等词引导。引导主语从句的关联词有三类:（1）从属连词that(不充当句子成分,没有词汇意义)Thattheywereintruthsisterswasclearfromthefacialresemblancebetweenthem.whether“是否”(不能使用if)Whetherhewillcomehereisnotclear.(2)连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whicheverwhoever=anyonewhowhatever=anythingthatwhichever=any…thatWhowillgivethespeechisnotknownyet.Whotheprizewillbegiventoisnotdecidedyet.(3)连接副词where,when,how,why.Wherethemeetingwillbehelddependsontheweather.Whentheyareleavingisbeingdiscussed.有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。主句的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下：①It+be+形容词(obvious,true,natural,surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible,likely,certain,probable,etc)+thatItisprobablethathetoldhereverything.②It+be+名词词组(nowonder,anhonour,agoodthing,apity,nosurprise,etc)+thatItisnosurprisethatourteamshouldhavewonthegame.③It+be+过去分词(said,reported,thought,expected,decided,announced,arranged,suggested)+thatItisannouncedintoday’snewspaperthatBushwillpayavisittoChinanextweek.④It+seems/appears,happens等不及物动词及短语+thatIthappenedthatIwasoutthatday.⑤Itdoesn’tmatter(makesnodifferences,etc)+连接代词或连接副词引导的主语从句Itmakesnodifferenceswhereweshallhavethemeeting.⑥当主语从句出现在感叹句中时,用it作形式主语.Howstrangeitisthattheyaresoquiet！注意:单个的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如果是两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语，谓语动词则用复数形式。在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should)+do”，常用的句型有：Itisnecessary/It’simportant/It’snatural(strange,etc.)that…whether与if均为“是否”，但下列情况下只用whether：1.whether引导主语从句并在句首Whetherhewillcomeisnotclear.2.引导表语从句Thequestioniswhetherhe’llcome.3.whether从句作介词宾语I’mnotsureaboutwhetherwe’llwin.4.从句后有“ornot”Whetheryoulikeitornot,you’llhavetodoit.表语从名在另外一个句子中作表语的句子叫表语从名。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样，表语从句位于连系动词后，有时用asif,because引导。其基本结构为：主语+系动词+